A study published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine has identified occupational and demographic factors associated with elevated serum levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) among U.S. career firefighters. This research, conducted by the University of Arizona and Arizona State University, utilized data from the Fire Fighter Cancer Cohort Study.
Understanding PFAS
PFAS are synthetic chemicals valued for their water-, grease-, and stain-resistant properties. They are known as "forever chemicals" due to their persistence in the environment and human body. PFAS have been linked to health issues, including immune dysfunction, certain cancers, and endocrine disruption.
Firefighters typically have higher serum PFAS levels than the general population due to on-the-job exposure to hazardous substances.
Key Study Findings
The study indicated that fireground practices and departmental protocols affected PFAS levels. Routines related to handling contaminated equipment and personal protective gear were associated with higher blood serum concentrations.
Demographic and lifestyle factors, such as years of service, rank or role in the fire service, and personal behaviors, also predicted PFAS levels. These findings suggest both workplace and personal factors contribute to overall chemical exposure.
Recommendations for Mitigation
The evidence suggests that modifications in decontamination procedures, gear storage practices, and routine operational policies may reduce PFAS exposure among firefighters.
Reagan Conner, the lead author, stated that identifying these predictors allows for the implementation of policies and practices to mitigate exposure risks.
Collaboration and Support
Melissa Furlong, co-lead, confirmed that results have been shared with participating firefighters and fire service partners. Captain Orion Godfrey, a co-author from Goodyear Fire Department, noted the study's potential to improve firefighter safety.
The research received partial funding from the Arizona Board of Regents and the Federal Emergency Management Agency for the Fire Fighter Cancer Cohort Study.