New Drug Targets Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Researchers at the University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson are developing a drug designed to kill bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is resistant to conventional antibiotic treatments. Their findings were published in the journal mSphere.
MRSA is classified as a serious global health threat by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO).
How the Drug Works
The drug, named N-benzyl-N-methyldithiocarbamate (BMDC), operates in combination with copper. Michael D. L. Johnson, an associate professor of immunobiology and lead author, explained that BMDC mimics iron, a nutrient that bacteria actively seek. When bacteria absorb BMDC, they unknowingly internalize a toxic dose of copper, leading to their death. This mechanism is effective even within biofilms, which are protective shields bacteria create to resist antibiotics.
Understanding MRSA and Biofilms
MRSA commonly resides on human skin and can cause severe infections when it enters wounds. It spreads through skin-to-skin contact and can manifest as painful boils. In hospital settings, MRSA can colonize surgical wounds or medical devices like catheters and artificial joints, posing a particular risk to diabetic patients. Staphylococcus epidermidis, a related bacterium, also causes hospital-acquired infections due to its ability to adhere to plastic surfaces. Both MRSA and S. epidermidis produce biofilm, a "glue" that allows them to attach to surfaces and evade treatment.
Development and Future Plans
The Johnson Lab developed the BMDC platform with funding from Tech Launch Arizona. A patent application has been filed for the technology, and the team is seeking licensing partners for further development, aiming for clinical trials and eventual FDA approval. The lab is also initiating a collaboration with Dr. Kenneth W. Liechty, Division Chief of Pediatric Surgery, to investigate the compound's potential in treating wound infections and aiding healing. This research received support from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, part of the National Institutes of Health.