North Africa's Amazigh People Celebrate New Year 2976, Marking Cultural Recognition

The Amazigh people across North Africa recently celebrated Yennayer, their new year, marking the year 2976. This calendar begins in 950 BC with the ascension of King Sheshonq to the throne of Egypt. Celebrations for Yennayer occur between January 12 and 14, varying by region within Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Libya. Families commemorate the new year with large feasts, bonfires, and traditional music. The greeting "aseggas ameggaz" (happy new year) is commonly heard, and vibrant traditional clothing is worn. The Amazigh, meaning "free people" or "noble people," are the indigenous inhabitants of North Africa, present since recorded history began. While exact population figures are unavailable, estimates suggest tens of millions reside across the region, with significant populations in Algeria and Morocco. Morocco's population is estimated to be 40% Amazigh. Yennayer traditions emphasize family gatherings, renewal, and a connection to nature. Traditional Yennayer foods vary regionally due to the diversity of Amazigh groups. Examples include "ourkemen," a mix of legumes, spices, and grains in Morocco's High Atlas, and "trèze," a combination of sweets, dried fruit, and nuts, often shared with the youngest child as a symbol of prosperity in Algeria. Beyond family events, Yennayer is celebrated publicly with parades, concerts, and carnivals. These public displays are important given the community's historical marginalization. Historically, Amazigh languages and culture were suppressed following the Arab conquests in the 7th Century, which introduced Arabic and Islam as official elements. For instance, during Colonel Muammar Gaddafi's rule in Libya, the Amazigh language Tamazight was banned in schools, and Amazigh names were disallowed for children. However, due to sustained advocacy from Amazigh activists, their culture and language have gained increased recognition in the last decade. Morocco recognized Tamazight as an official language in 2011. Additionally, both Algeria and Morocco declared Yennayer a public holiday in 2017 and 2023, respectively. Yennayer therefore symbolizes not only a cultural celebration but also a milestone in the community's long fight for recognition.