Lupinosis Cases Reported in Wheatbelt Sheep, Producers Advised on Monitoring and Management

Reports of lupinosis in sheep flocks have emerged in Western Australia's Wheatbelt region, particularly in the southern area, following widespread rainfall in November. Lupin crops are increasingly used for grazing in this region. The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD) has advised livestock producers with lupin stubbles to monitor their flocks for signs of the liver disease. Early detection and prompt action are emphasized. Lupinosis is primarily caused by the consumption of lupin stubble containing the fungus Diaporthe toxica. While modern narrow-leaf lupin varieties typically have resistance, the disease can still develop under suitable environmental conditions. Symptoms of lupinosis can include reduced appetite, loss of condition, disorientation, and lethargy, especially when driven. Affected individuals may not keep up with the mob or may remain near water points. More severe cases present with blindness, head-pressing behavior, a hunched posture, and yellowing of the membranes around the eyes and in the mouth. Producers are advised to immediately remove any stock exhibiting symptoms from the paddock and to consult a veterinarian for diagnosis. Early intervention can mitigate the disease's impact on the flock. Post-removal, affected livestock require additional care. They should be moved to a small paddock with ample shade and water for several weeks. Providing quality hay, potentially supplemented with small amounts of oats, is recommended. Lupin feed should be avoided as the damaged liver cannot process a high-protein diet effectively. Recovery for some animals can extend up to six months. A professional veterinary diagnosis is crucial, as lupinosis symptoms can resemble those of other diseases, including those exotic to Australia. Subsidies for investigations that exclude emergency diseases may be available through the Significant Disease Investigation Program to support early detection efforts. Further information is accessible via private veterinarians, DPIRD field veterinarians, or the Lupinosis webpage.