"Decades of selective breeding for the popular flat-faced appearance have unfortunately led to serious breathing problems."
Australian scientists have published early results of a new injectable therapy for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) in flat-faced dogs. The treatment, called Snoretox-1, was developed by researchers from RMIT University and biotechnology company Snoretox.
The Treatment
The therapy is an injectable that uses a modified tetanus toxin to strengthen the muscles in the dog's mouth floor. By firming these muscles, the treatment helps keep the airway open, alleviating the breathing difficulties common in short-snouted breeds.
Pilot Study Results
A pilot study on six British bulldogs with severe BOAS symptoms showed visible improvements after treatment. All dogs were able to complete a brisk three-minute walk that was previously difficult.
The research was published in The Veterinary Journal.
The Scope of the Problem
Professor Peter Smooker: "In short-snouted breeds, the soft tissue in the upper airway hasn't adapted to the shorter skull. This leaves excess tissue crowded into a smaller space, where it can obstruct airflow."
BOAS affects nearly half of all Pugs, French Bulldogs, and British Bulldogs due to selective breeding for flat faces.
Current treatments include surgery—widening nostrils and removing throat tissue—and weight management. However, results are often mixed:
- Up to 60% of dogs still experience breathing problems after surgery
- 7% do not survive the procedure
Snoretox Managing Director Tony Sasse noted that the trial included dogs that had not responded well to previous surgery. He also stated that severe cases can shorten a dog's life by up to four years.
Broader Implications
Professor Russell Conduit suggested the technology could have future applications in human conditions like sleep apnea, incontinence, and pelvic floor disorders.
Limitations
Further research and regulatory approvals are needed before the treatment can be widely offered to pet owners.