Grapevine Berry Inner Necrosis Virus Detected in Australia for First Time

The Grapevine berry inner necrosis virus (GINV) has been officially detected in Australia for the first time, appearing in vineyards across Victoria, Queensland, and South Australia's Riverland region.

The virus can restrict vine growth, delay budburst, alter leaf color or pattern, and reduce grape quality.

Key Details

Previously found in China and Japan, Australian authorities believe GINV may have been present in the country for years—though how it entered remains unknown.

So far, the virus has only been detected in table grapes in Australia, but it has the potential to spread to wine grapes, rootstocks, and dried grape varieties.

Transmission occurs through infected propagation material (cuttings or grafts) and by erineum mites (grape leaf mites).

There is no known cure for infected vines, and eradication is not considered feasible.

Industry Impact and Concerns

Adam Knoll, manager of Sun World in Mildura, reported observing symptoms about five years ago and notified authorities after international research confirmed the virus. He estimates 90% yield reduction in susceptible varieties and potential losses of hundreds of millions of dollars.

Nick Secomb, plant and invasive species biosecurity director at South Australia's Department of Primary Industries and Regions, stated that GINV was flagged as new to the country when first seen in October 2025 but is not a declared pest. He noted that vines can be asymptomatic, making spread assessment difficult.

Samantha Scarratt, CEO of Vinehealth Australia, said laboratory testing is the only way to confirm infection and that the virus can be transmitted through grafting or blister and bud mites.

Ian McRae, a member of the Riverland Vine Improvement Committee, expressed concern about the delay in informing growers and the lack of information on management and spread.

Official Response

PIRSA addressed the delay, stating they decided to alert the industry after finding the virus in South Australia.

Vinehealth Australia recommends maintaining farmgate biosecurity practices to prevent spread.