Oregon Study Reveals Link Between Severe Burns and Smoking Illicit Drugs

A recent analysis in Oregon indicates a higher incidence of severe burns requiring hospital care, coinciding with a national shift from injection to smoking illicit drugs. Researchers examined Oregon Medicaid data and found that more than 50% of individuals treated for burns in hospitals and emergency rooms over approximately nine years also used smokable drugs other than tobacco.

Key Findings from Oregon Medicaid Data

Dr. Honora Englander, lead author and director of an in-hospital addiction care team at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), spearheaded the research. The study, published in JAMA Internal Medicine, analyzed data from April 2016 to March 2024.

"Serious burns are an under-recognized risk associated with smoking drugs."

Broader Implications for Public Health

The findings highlight a broader range of injuries and disabilities linked to substance use, even as the number of overdose deaths has slightly decreased. Smoking has become the most common route for fatal overdoses of illicit drugs nationwide, surpassing injection.

Smoking has become the most common route for fatal overdoses of illicit drugs nationwide, surpassing injection.

Patient Insights and Risk Factors

The study was initiated after medical staff in Portland observed an increase in severe burn cases. Researchers also conducted interviews with 19 patients who reported smoking drugs such as illicitly manufactured fentanyl and stimulants like methamphetamine. Patients described the widespread availability of butane torches, which often include locking mechanisms.

Dr. Englander noted that these devices pose a heightened risk for individuals who may become sedated or unconscious while inhaling fentanyl.

Devastating Consequences for Patients

Dr. Mark Thomas, a surgeon at the Oregon Burn Center, shed light on the severe impact of these injuries.

"An increasing number of patients are being treated for catastrophic burn injuries related to drug use. These burns can result in permanent disability, repeated surgeries, and lifelong physical and psychological consequences."

Recommendations for Outreach

Dr. Englander encourages outreach workers and medical providers to discuss these hazards with clients, especially the risks for individuals using torches alone.

The research was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse.