Minnesota Warns of Outbreak: New Contagious Fungal Skin Infection (TMVII) Spreading

Minnesota health officials have issued a warning regarding an outbreak of a contagious fungal skin infection caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes genotype VII (TMVII), a fungal species related to ringworm. The outbreak is prompting increased surveillance and public health advisories across the state.

Understanding the Symptoms

The primary symptoms of TMVII include round, red, irritated rashes that spread across the body, often accompanied by itchiness and pain.

Dr. Hayden Andrews, an infectious disease expert, noted that TMVII symptoms are similar to typical ringworm or jock itch, presenting as itchy spots that might resemble eczema.

Outbreak Timeline and Scope

The first confirmed case of TMVII in Minnesota was reported in July 2025. Since then, 13 additional cases have been confirmed, with another 27 suspected in the area. The first U.S. case was identified in New York in 2024, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has confirmed cases in multiple U.S. cities, indicating a broader spread.

How TMVII Spreads

The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) has established an enhanced surveillance system, indicating the fungus is spreading through networks and causing outbreaks.

TMVII primarily spreads through direct skin-to-skin contact, including sexual activity. Fungal spores can also be transmitted via contaminated objects and surfaces, such as shared towels or communal bathing facilities.

The First Fungal Sexually Transmitted Disease

Dr. Todd Wills, a professor of internal medicine, highlighted a significant concern:

TMVII is currently the only identified fungal sexually transmitted disease.

Populations at higher risk include men who have sex with men and commercial sex workers, although the infection can spread from any infected individual. Those with a history of sexually transmitted infections are also at increased risk.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis is often based on the rash's appearance and its lack of response to typical over-the-counter antifungal medications. A confirmed diagnosis may require a skin scraping, though treatment is often initiated before test results are available.

Unlike routine ringworm, which often resolves with antifungal creams, TMVII frequently requires antifungal pills, sometimes for several weeks, for complete resolution. Current antifungal medications appear effective against TMVII.

Prevention and Public Health Advice

Health officials are urging both the public and healthcare providers to take precautions:

• Avoid close skin-to-skin contact if experiencing symptoms.
• Refrain from sharing personal items like towels and linens.
• Wash all household linens and towels on high heat.
• Sanitize bathing areas regularly.
• Seek immediate medical care for symptoms.
• Minnesota healthcare providers are urged to report suspected cases for laboratory testing.