Hairdressers and dermatologists observe that swimming in chlorinated pools and saltwater can significantly damage hair and scalp, often without individuals realizing the cause.
Identifying Hair Damage from Swimming
Chlorine damage can manifest as a change in hair color, making it appear "muddy," and altering texture to become dry, stringy, and brittle. It can also strip moisture from the scalp, leading to flaking, itching, and potentially worsening conditions like eczema. Additionally, chlorine may chemically react with hair dye, causing color changes.
Saltwater swimming is equally damaging. Salt naturally draws moisture from hair, skin, and scalp, leading to dry, brittle strands and lighter ends.
Even freshwater can cause damage, as hair becomes weaker when wet. This causes its outer layer to lift and become more susceptible to damage.
Preventing Hair Damage While Swimming
Several strategies can minimize damage:
- Protection: Wearing a swimming cap is highly recommended to reduce exposure. If a cap is not an option, tying long hair into a bun can help.
- Pre-Rinsing: Rinsing hair with tap water before entering chlorinated or salty water helps reduce the absorption of damaging elements.
- Barrier Products: Applying a leave-in conditioner or similar product after rinsing and before swimming can create a protective barrier.
- UV Protection: Avoid exposing wet hair and scalp to direct ultraviolet (UV) rays. Using hair products with UV filters or, preferably, wearing a hat offers protection.
Post-Swim Hair Management
After swimming, it is crucial to restore moisture and care for the hair and scalp.
- Cleansing & Conditioning: Use a good moisturizing shampoo and conditioner to clean the scalp and rehydrate hair strands.
- Deep Conditioning: Incorporate deep conditioning masks or natural oils like coconut oil (for thicker hair) or argan oil (for thinner hair) into your routine once or twice weekly.
- Avoid Heat: On days with extensive chlorinated water exposure, minimize other damaging practices such as heat styling.
- Dry Thoroughly: Avoid leaving hair wet for extended periods, especially thick hair or hair tied back, as a continuously wet and warm scalp can lead to yeast overgrowth and conditions like seborrhoeic dermatitis.
- Clarifying & Protection: A clarifying shampoo may be beneficial after swimming. If blow-drying or heat styling is necessary, use a thermal protector. Regular trims and professional color-protecting products are recommended for dyed hair.
Addressing Green Hair Tinge
A green tinge in hair after swimming is typically caused by copper present in the pool water, which reacts chemically with chlorine.
Hairdressers recommend seeking professional advice for solutions, as it is a challenging color issue to correct at home.